AMI Statement to the UN Climate Conference COP28

 

Introduction

Monetary conference calls COP28’s attention to the connection between the current dysfunctional monetary system and environmental degradation, including climate change

Chicago, November, 2023 — Last month, from September 29 until October 1, the American Monetary Institute (AMI) held its 19th annual conference on monetary theory and reform.

The conference brought together some of the world’s leading experts on monetary history and theory with some of the world’s most serious advocates of real and achievable economic and monetary reforms.

Attendees of the conference and, since then, other interested parties and individuals were and still are invited to sign a statement addressing the strong correlation between the current, debt-based monetary system and environmental degradation.

We call for the debt-based system to be changed into a sovereign monetary system; to develop similar institutions at an international level; and for the UN to set up a commission of monetary inquiry.

The concise statement being released to the participants of the UN Climate Conference’s COP28 is as follows:

The Statement

We acknowledge there exists a strong correlation between the current, debt-based monetary system and environmental degradation, including climate change. It acts through multiple paths of transmission, which have to be taken into account to find just and sustainable solutions.

The current monetary system is a debt-based system, because most of the money used for economic transactions, both in the real economy and the Finance, Insurance and Real Estate (FIRE) sector, is generated through the creation of debt when banks extend loans. This system is also a major cause of destructive economic boom and bust cycles, and creates socioeconomic inequality and political polarisation between and within creditor and a debtor classes.

Furthermore, we strongly believe that sovereign monetary reform (SMR) will allow substantial public investments, which are required to steer global civilization from our brown, carbon-based age to a green, equitable, post- fossil fuel age with a balanced carbon cycle.

In the case of the USA, SMR would entail the three following inter-connected changes to its current design:

        • Requires Congress to be the sole creator of all U.S. money debt-free, as authorized in the U.S. Constitution;
        • Ends the privilege of commercial banks to create money; and
        • Makes all remaining operations of the Federal Reserve System accountable to the public.

At an international level parallel institutions and regulations should be developed including: 1) a supranational reserve currency; 2) an international clearing system; 3) a monetary authority of currency issuance; and 4) an advisory Intergovernmental Panel on Economic and Social Issues (IPESI) to assess progress and detect problems.

Given the promising nature of SMR, we, the undersigned, therefore call for a UN Monetary Commission to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of the current monetary system, and to evaluate alternate proposals, especially SMR, to improve it.

Please Sign

The statement with ample background references and names of signers can be found on-line here.

If you like to add your name please fill out this form.

Add, if you like, town, state & country, institutional affiliation and any titles.

For questions email Steven Walsh or Govert Schuller.

AMI is a publicly supported charity to present the results of research leading to monetary reforms that bring forth a greater level of economic justice. The institute was founded in 1996 by Stephen Zarlenga, author of The Lost Science of Money.

Contact: Steven Walsh, Executive Director, (773) 636-8255, stevenjjwalsh@gmail.com

The American Monetary Institute: View from a Steward

 

 

Focus

The focus of the American Monetary Institute was and is on the almost unbridled credit creation facility of commercial banks (and its frequent turning off the tap) as a major cause of the destructive booms & busts in the financial sector and its spilling over into the real economy with disastrous consequences for regular people.

Furthermore, as a viable, structural, long-term solution we promote so-called sovereign monetary reform based on 1930s proposals collectively known as the Chicago Plan developed by prominent economists (Phillips, Demeulemeester, Kumhof).

Our first focus is on monetary theory and AMI embraces the so-named ‘credit creation theory of money and banking’ (Werner, McLeay, Ryan-Collins), aka ‘endogenous money’ in post-Keynesian parlance (Rochon & Rossi), and very nicely explained as the ‘finance franchise’ in Hockett & Omarova (2017).

Secondly, based on numerous analyses and models (Kumhof, Yamaguchi, van Egmond, Huber, Jackson), we promote the proposal that,

a) a nation’s money supply (and central bank if not yet done so) should be nationalized and transformed into debt-free, stable money,

b) stop the credit creation privilege of commercial banks and make them thereby into true intermediaries, 

c) institute a monetary authority to manage the money supply, and

d) let congress allocate the seigniorage (or taxation) coming out of the monetary authority’s decision process.

Implementation

This monetary theory and, based on it, radical reform proposal were a) incorporated into the 2012 NEED Act (HR 2990), with the help of AMI (Zarlenga), and sponsored (only) by Kucinich and Conyers; b) considered by the parliament of Iceland (Sigurjonsson); c) became the subject of a 2017 referendum in Switzerland, sorely lost by 75-25 (Lyons); and d) was debated by the parliament of the Netherlands in 2016, triggered by a citizens initiative, which only led to a thorough report after three years (Schuller; WRR).

After these half successes the movement seems to have burned out a little. Besides there was also a friendly schism, if I can say so, within the AMI leading to the formation of the Alliance For Just Money in 2018. And we had the shock that our very successful sister organization in the UK, Positive Money, thought it was advisable to distance itself from sovereign monetary reform because, in their still non-published deliberations, they thought it would crash the economy. On top of that COVID-19 hit with interesting financial responses by governments, from which we still try to extract the economic lessons.

For now AMI is giving some space to a) economists and monetary activists from LDCs; b) discussing the promises and perils of CBDC; c) of public and non-profit banking; d) of local currencies; and e) of parity economics, i.e. the idea to set a minimum price for raw materials in agriculture, fishing and mining.

But in the end, we are aiming at a ‘big switch’, when the money supply gets secured and prudently managed, and banking as we know it will end.

Sources

Demeulemeester, Samuel. 2018. “The 100% Money Proposal and its Implications for Banking: The Currie–Fisher Approach versus the Chicago Plan Approach“. The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, 25/2: 357-387.

H.R.2990 – National Emergency Employment Defense Act of 2011 (NEED Act). 112th US Congress (2011-2012).

Hockett, Robert C. & Omarova, Saule. 2017. “The Finance Franchise“. Cornell Law Review, 102: 1143-1218.

Huber, Joseph. 2017. Sovereign Money. Beyond Reserve Banking. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Jackson, Andrew & Dyson, Ben. 2012. Modernising Money: Why Our Monetary System Is Broken And How It Can Be Fixed. London: Positive Money.

Kumhof, Michael & Benes, Jaromir. 2012. “The Chicago Plan Revisited.” IMF Working Papers 12/202. Washington: International Monetary Fund.

Lyons, Matthew. 2018. “Will Switzerland Be The First Country In The World To Introduce A Sovereign Money System?” London: Positive Money. 28 Feb 2018.

McLeay, Michael & Radia, Amar & Thomas, Ryland. 2014a. “Money Creation in the Modern Economy”. Monetary Analysis Directorate. Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin (Q1, 2014): 14-27.

Phillips, Ronnie. 1995. The Chicago Plan & New Deal Banking Reform. Oxon, UK & New York, NY: Routledge.

Rochon, Louis-Philippe & Rossi, Sergio (eds.). 2015. The Encyclopedia of Central Banking. Cheltenham, UK & Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Ryan-Collins, Josh & Greenham, Tony & Werner, Richard & Jackson, Andrew. 2012. Where Does Money Come From? A Guide to the UK Monetary and Banking System. London: New Economics Foundation. “Introduction”.

Schuller,Govert. 2019. “Ons Geld and the Road to the WRR Report“. AFJM, 8 Mar 2019.

Sigurjonsson, Frosti. 2015. “Monetary Reform: A Better Monetary System for Iceland“. A Report Commissioned by the Prime Minister of Iceland. March 2015. Foreword by Aidar Turner. Rekjavik, Iceland.

Van Egmond, Nicolas D & de Vries, Bert JM. 2016. “Dynamics of a sustainable financial-economic system”. Sustainable Finance Lab Working Paper. Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

Werner, Richard. 2014c. “How do banks create money, and why can other firms not do the same? An explanation for the coexistence of lending and deposit-taking”. International Review of Financial Analysis, 36 (2014): 71–77.

—–, —–. 2016. “A lost century in economics: Three theories of banking and the conclusive evidence”. International Review of Financial Analysis, 46 (July 2016): 361-379.

WRR. 2019. “Money Creation”. The Hague: The Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR).

WRR. 2019. Money and Debt: The Public Role of Banks – Summary of WRR Report. The Hague: Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy.

Yamaguchi, Kaoru. 2011. “Workings of a Public Money System of Open Macroeconomies: Modeling the American Monetary Act Completed”. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society, Washington D.C., USA, 2011. The System Dynamics Society. 

—–, —–. 2012. “On the Monetary and Financial Stability under A Public Money System (Revised): Modeling the American Monetary Act Simplified”. Paper presented at the 8th Annual AMI Monetary Reform Conference in Chicago, USA, Sept. 20 – 23, 2012. It was originally presented at the 30th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society, St. Gallen, Switzerland, July 22 – 26, 2012.

Zarlenga, Stephen. 2014 (2006). “Presenting the American Monetary Act / The 32-Page Brochure”. Valatie, NY: American Monetary Institute. Extensive introduction to, and final version of, the NEED Act.

Govert Schuller
Shillong, September 20, 2023